Polymorphism means “many forms. By its name, it is a feature that allows you to perform an action in multiple or different ways. The most common form of Polymorphism is where you have a hierarchy of classes and you can substitute child classes for parent classes. …

It’s a kind of relationship between two classes which allows one class to inherit code from the other. It represents “is-a” relationship. For e.g. a car is a vehicle. To implement inheritance, one class must inherit or extend behaviors of another class. When we say extend, we mean that a…

Encapsulation ensures that each object in your code should control its own state. Encapsulation is defined as the wrapping up of data under a single unit. It binds together code and the data it manipulates. It is a technique of restricting a user from directly modifying the data members or…

Abstraction enables us to provide a simple interface to a user without asking for complex details to perform an action. In simpler words, it means giving the user the ability to drive the car without the need to understand tiny details of ‘how does the engine work’. An end-user using…

Give your variables some meaningful names instead of keeping it mysterious. Mysterious names examples are: Either it’s difficult to understand the meaning or relate it with some functionality. So let’s try to give these variables, properties and methods self-explanatory names: If you look at the variable names here…